The study looked at how burning rice straw early affects methane and nitrous oxide emissions, as well as rice yield in later rice fields. They found that methane emissions were similar in fields with and without straw burning, but nitrous oxide emissions increased by 22.8% in the straw burning fields. The highest nitrous oxide emissions occurred after fertilization in both types of fields. Emissions from straw burning made up a significant portion of total emissions in the straw burning fields. Overall, the global warming potential per unit of rice grain was 22% higher in fields with straw burning. The study suggests that avoiding rice straw burning is better for both the economy and the environment.