The study looked at the geological conditions that lead to karst water bursting disasters during tunnel construction. By examining the relationship between karst development, lithology, and geological structures, the researchers identified key factors that contribute to these disasters. They analyzed tunnel projects in a karst area and found that certain geological features like lithological interfaces and faults are closely linked to the risk of karst bursting disasters. The study suggests that identifying these dangerous segments during tunnel construction can help prevent such disasters.