The study looked at different types of maize plants and how close together they were planted to see how it affected the amount of grain they produced and how efficiently they used water. They found that certain types of maize plants and planting densities had a big impact on grain yield, with some types producing up to 1,500 kg more grain per hectare than others. They also discovered that planting maize plants closer together at a density of 60,000-67,500 plants per hectare resulted in higher grain yields compared to a density of 75,000 plants per hectare. The amount of sunlight the plants received during their growth also played a significant role in grain yield, with a decrease in sunlight leading to a reduction in grain yield. Ultimately, they found that selecting maize plants with higher grain yields can help improve water use efficiency.