The study looked at how water moves in the Hexi Region, focusing on mountains, plains, and man-made oases. They found that water is used up in mountains, shifts between surface and underground sources, and is used more in oases. This can lead to water shortages downstream. The researchers suggest ways to improve water cycles between mountains and plains, especially in the Hei and Tarim Rivers. They aim to create a sustainable water system for the whole river basin.