The study looked at how different combinations of N, P, and K fertilizers affect rice yield and fertilizer efficiency. They tested various fertilizer treatments in a field trial and found that using a formula fertilizer with N, P, and K significantly increased rice yield compared to regular fertilization. The fertilizer utilization rate of rice was also higher in the NPK fertilization area. In conclusion, applying N, P, and K fertilizers can boost rice yield and improve fertilizer efficiency in the Hanjiang hilly area.