The article discusses water resources in China, focusing on the need for water conservation and pollution prevention to ensure sustainable water use. It predicts increasing water demand in the future, particularly in economically developed regions. China faces challenges due to the growing mismatch between water supply and demand, which harms the water ecosystem. To address this, it is crucial to promote water-saving practices and prevent pollution across both water-scarce and water-rich areas. By doing so, sustainable use of limited water resources can be achieved, supporting the long-term economic and social development of the country.