The study looked at how Acorus calamus plants can clean nitrogen and phosphorus from water. They used foam boards with poles to grow the plants in sewage with different levels of pollution. After 30 days, they found that Acorus calamus removed 60.3-73.9% of total nitrogen, 65.1-75.6% of ammonia nitrogen, and 52.8-62.6% of total phosphorus, depending on the pollution level. The plants were most effective at cleaning highly polluted water. This shows that Acorus calamus could be useful for cleaning up polluted water bodies.