The researchers used GIS and a soil loss equation to study soil erosion in a watershed in China. They found that rainfall intensity and vegetation cover were key factors in soil erosion. The erosion was stronger in the southern and northern parts compared to the central area. Urban areas had the highest erosion intensity, followed by rural areas, croplands, forests, and orchards. Human activities significantly impacted soil erosion, especially in areas with steep slopes. Croplands with slopes between 7° to 12° had the most intense erosion.