The study looked at how rainfall and runoff behave in different types of land in Haoping river watershed. They found that the amount of rain varied throughout the year, with heavy storms causing most of the pollution. Runoff from cropland, oak forest, and gardens differed, with gardens being most affected by heavy rain. Oak forests and gardens showed a strong relationship between runoff and rainfall intensity. Cropland runoff was influenced by human activities. Slope and soil crust were important factors affecting runoff in different conditions. The findings can help with building terraced fields and managing water and soil to reduce pollution.