The study looked at how vegetation in a sandy region near the Great Wall in northern Shaanxi changed from 1981 to 2003. They used satellite data and local weather records to see how vegetation coverage varied with climate. Overall, vegetation improved over the years, with more areas having better coverage. Summer had the best vegetation, followed by autumn. Spring, summer, and autumn all showed increasing vegetation trends. Rainfall was crucial for vegetation growth, while temperature didn't have much impact. Winter and spring rain affected vegetation in the following seasons. The study suggests that human efforts like planting trees and restoring grasslands helped increase vegetation in the region.