The study looked at how nutrients in soil vary in a specific area in China. Researchers collected soil samples and analyzed them for organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. They found that the levels of organic matter, nitrogen, and phosphorus in the soil were influenced by factors like the type of soil and the landscape, while potassium levels were more affected by things like fertilization and crop management. The study showed that the soil in the area had high variability in organic matter, nitrogen, and phosphorus, which could lead to pollution from excessive fertilization.