From 2001 to 2009, Hubei Province in China experienced significant changes in its energy consumption patterns. Total energy use and energy per person increased, while the energy mix improved, and efficiency rose notably. Energy consumption varied across different areas within the province, with some regions using less energy per person but being more efficient than others. Factors like economic growth, industrial structure, urban growth, consumption habits, and population changes influenced these energy shifts. The Northwest, Southwest, and Northeast areas had lower energy use per person, while the Southwest and major cities like Wuhan had higher energy efficiency. Overall, economic activities, the types of industries present, city development, what people buy, and population growth impacted how much energy Hubei used, how efficiently it was used, and the energy mix itself during this period.