A study tested using microfiltration membranes to clean water from Hangzhou Qingtai Waterworks. The membranes were very effective at removing dirt and bacteria, with over 99% removal rates. They also did well at removing iron and color. However, they didn't work as well for removing organic compounds and other substances. The best design for treating Qiantang River water is a flux of 120 L/(m2·h) and cleaning every 24 hours without recycling.