The study looked at how different spacing between rows of winter wheat plants affects their photosynthesis and yield. They tested two wheat varieties with different types of spikes over three years. They found that wider row spacing can increase photosynthesis and delay aging in the plants, leading to better grain yield. The two varieties responded differently to the row spacing, with one showing better photosynthesis later in the growing season. The researchers concluded that adjusting row spacing can impact the yield of wheat crops, and different varieties may need different spacing to reach their maximum potential.