The study looked at how using plastic film and nitrogen fertilizer affects wheat yield and nitrogen efficiency. They tested different mulching and nitrogen application methods on spring and winter wheat crops. Results showed that the impact of plastic film mulching on yield and nitrogen efficiency depended on factors like soil water storage and rainfall. In years with high rainfall, film mulching didn't significantly increase yield compared to no mulching. But in drought years, mulching for 30 days boosted biomass yield the most. Overall, the study found that the timing and duration of plastic film mulching, along with nitrogen fertilizer application, can influence wheat yield and nitrogen efficiency.