Farmers' income in China has increased significantly since 1978. A study found that financial support to agriculture has a strong impact on farmers' income. In the short term, changes in financial support can decrease farmers' income, but in the long term, it can increase it. Financial support contributes about 13% to farmers' income. Strengthening financial support to agriculture can help raise farmers' income and reduce the rural-urban income gap. Increasing the scale and optimizing the structure of financial support can enhance rural finance and promote the optimization of industry structure, benefiting the rural economy.