Imperial exams and economy shape rise and fall of Hebei province.
The article discusses how the emperial examination and economy in Hebei province during the Ming and Qing dynasties were closely linked. As the economy improved, more academies and schools were established, attracting candidates to take the tests and boosting Hebei's reputation. However, by the end of the dynasties, both the examination system and the economy declined, leading to regional imbalances.