The study analyzed changes in cultivated land in He'nan Province from 1949 to 2005. The largest area of cultivated land was in 1954, but it has been decreasing since then. From 1984 to 2005, the area of cultivated land has been fluctuating but overall increasing. The gravity center of cultivated land has been moving southeast. The main factors driving these changes are social and economic development, along with advancements in agricultural technology.