Researchers studied how heavy metals vary in soils in Shangyu City, Zhejiang Province. They used two methods, geostatistics and spatial autocorrelation, to analyze the data. The results showed that spatial autocorrelation is more direct and stable, but its accuracy depends on the spatial intervals used. Geostatistics, on the other hand, can quickly determine spatial variation intervals and predict the degree of variability. By optimizing the model, geostatistics can provide more accurate results.