The article discusses the need for modernizing agriculture in China by focusing on sustainable practices. This involves using resources efficiently, protecting the environment, and improving food production for both urban and rural populations. The key areas of research include developing new crop varieties, enhancing animal husbandry and aquaculture, and implementing technologies for high-yield and high-quality agriculture. The goal is to achieve intensive sustainable agriculture that optimizes agricultural structure, saves resources, prevents pollution, maintains ecological balance, and increases productivity and output rates.