Different rates of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers were tested on paddy rice in Ningxia. The study found that nitrogen and potassium had little impact on yield and nutrient uptake. Efficiency of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers decreased with higher application rates. More nitrogen increased ears and grain number, while phosphorus boosted grain number per ear. However, excessive nitrogen could reduce grain weight. The optimal fertilizer rates for paddy rice in this soil were 254.3 kg/hm2 of nitrogen, 150.8 kg/hm2 of phosphorus, and 145.6 kg/hm2 of potassium. The maximum rates for highest grain yield were 309.3 kg/hm2 of nitrogen, 253.9 kg/hm2 of phosphorus, and 177.6 kg/hm2 of potassium.