The development of grassland animal husbandry in China has been steadily increasing since 1949. China has invested over 20 billion RMB in grassland protection since 2000, leading to improvements in both ecology and economy. However, challenges such as ecological security, reliance on swine-based animal husbandry, and limited development capacity in grassland areas still exist. Despite these challenges, grassland animal husbandry plays a crucial role in both environmental security and economic growth. It is important to address these challenges and seize opportunities to further enhance the development of grassland animal husbandry in China.