Chinese Agricultural Land Tenure has undergone significant changes since the founding of New China, impacting rural economic development. The household contract responsibility system has been beneficial, but issues like inefficient land allocation and incomplete land protection systems persist. These problems hinder further agricultural economic growth. To address this, innovative land tenure designs should prioritize stability and practicality. Measures to combat virtual property rights and enhance market mechanisms in land resource management are crucial. Establishing a robust market-based land acquisition system and strengthening legal protections are essential for sustainable rural development.