The study looked at heavy metal pollution in the Huangpu River in Shanghai. They used Sediment Enrichment Factor and Hakanson Potential Ecological Risk Index to assess the pollution. Results showed low levels of Cd, As, and Pb, but higher levels of Hg and Cu. Pollution was highest in the middle reaches of the river and decreased towards the lower reaches. This could be due to sediments from the Suzhou River and industrial pollution. Estuaries had lower heavy metal content compared to inland rivers. Hg was the main pollutant, and 37.5% of sites had medium ecological risk. Sediment Enrichment Factor measured metal accumulation, while Hakanson Index showed the biological effects of the metals.