Different types of fertilizer were tested on wheat crops in the Loess Plateau East of Gansu to see how they affected soil fertility and yield. Using a mix of chemical and organic fertilizers led to the best results, increasing soil quality, wheat yield, and water use efficiency. Soil nutrients like organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium all increased significantly. The wheat yield was highest with this combined fertilizer approach, showing a 53.2% and 86.7% increase compared to other methods. Water use efficiency also improved by 30.2% and 71.2%. This study suggests that using a mix of chemical and organic fertilizers can greatly improve soil quality and crop yield in dry, hot conditions like those in the Loess Plateau East of Gansu.