The study looked at how water and nitrogen affect how rice plants use nitrogen and other nutrients. They found that more nitrogen leads to higher nitrogen uptake by the plant, but lower efficiency in using it for growth. Water stress can reduce nitrogen uptake but increase efficiency in using it. Nitrogen fertilizer can also improve the uptake of phosphorus and potassium by rice plants. Overall, a moderate water stress combined with nitrogen application can help rice plants use nitrogen more efficiently and get a good yield.