This article predicts trends in sustainable development in Xinjiang from 2005 to 2020 using various evaluation methods. It found that economic, social, and development capacity in Xinjiang are increasing together, while the ecological environment level shows a different trend. Despite a slight decrease in coordination index, sustainable development in Xinjiang is improving overall. To further enhance sustainable development, emphasis should be on improving ecological sustainability. This is crucial for Xinjiang's multi-ethnic and ecologically sensitive region. Achieving sustainable development in Xinjiang is vital for China's resource and ecological security, as well as maintaining peace in border areas. Developing a recycling economy is key to reaching sustainability goals.