The article discusses the need for reform in China's land expropriation system due to rapid urbanization. It focuses on the issue of transferring collective land to state-owned land for urban development. The goal is to establish a unified market for urban and rural construction land. The researchers analyze the reasons behind excessive farmland expropriation, low compensation standards, and unfair distribution of benefits. By studying pilot cases and theoretical research, they suggest future strategies for reforming the land expropriation and benefits distribution system in China.