Coal is a major energy source in China, with 75% of primary energy coming from coal. The country has seen significant growth in coal production and coal preparation plants over the past few decades. In 1991, there were 190 coal preparation plants with a total washing capacity of 253 million tons. The main washing processes used are jigging, dense medium separation, and flotation, with flotation being common in coking coal plants. This shows a steady increase in coal preparation in China.