Researchers studied water quality in Honghu Lake by analyzing samples and mapping pollution using GIS. They found that pollution levels varied across the lake, with higher levels in certain areas. Factors like industrial and agricultural waste contributed to high nitrogen and phosphorus levels. Aquatic plants and water exchange also influenced water quality. Most samples exceeded pollution limits, showing the need to control sewage discharge and aquaculture expansion to improve the lake's ecosystem. Overall, managing human activities in the area is crucial for restoring and maintaining a healthy water environment in Honghu Lake.