This chapter explains how bending moments and shearing forces are caused by steady loads on beams. Bending moments are the forces that make beams bend either upwards or downwards, while shearing forces are the forces that cause parts of the beam to slide past each other. The researchers show that the change in bending moments is related to the curve showing the change in shearing force along the beam. Positive bending moments make beams curve upwards, while positive shearing forces make one side of the beam move upwards relative to the other side.