Surface mining reclamation has a long history and has led to the development of federal laws. Studies have shown the impact of mining on soil and water, with efforts made to reclaim mined land. Different regions face unique challenges in reclamation, with the need for specific practices in arid environments. The goal of creating national reclamation standards has been a focus of federal legislation. In the 1980s, fewer federal agencies were involved in research on surface mining reclamation.