Flood risk in cities is more complicated than in rural areas due to buildings, land use, and drainage systems. A new framework was developed to analyze flood risk and benefits of flood control in urban areas. By using models to simulate floods and assess damage, researchers found that flood control measures can reduce risk by 15.59% for floods up to 66 years, but only by 7.06% for longer return periods. This suggests that relying solely on structures for flood control may not be enough, and other strategies are needed. The framework helps assess how flood control measures can reduce risk and informs planning for future floods.