The article discusses the importance of conserving biodiversity in Nigeria due to its role in providing food, medicine, and materials. Factors like poverty, population growth, and habitat degradation contribute to biodiversity loss. The main method of conservation is through protected areas, sometimes supported by community-based approaches. Despite efforts, biodiversity continues to decline, prompting ecologists to get more involved in conservation. Key priorities for ecologists include understanding the relationship between people and biodiversity, assigning economic value to biodiversity, and setting clear conservation goals.