Mine site rehabilitation has often focused on flattening slopes, adding topsoil, and planting grass, mainly for grazing purposes. However, this approach has led to failures in achieving a safe and stable post-mining landscape. The key to successful rehabilitation lies in prioritizing ecological functionality over the intended land use. By focusing on ecological function, we can create landscapes that are safe, stable, and non-polluting. This shift in approach is crucial for improving the outcomes of mine site rehabilitation efforts worldwide.