New algorithm accurately predicts lithium-ion battery charge, improving energy efficiency.
An algorithm combining Extended Kalman filter and interactive multiple model filter accurately estimates the state-of-charge of lithium-ion batteries. Two models represent different battery parameter shifts, using an equivalent circuit approach. Simulation results show the algorithm predicts state-of-charge effectively. The interactive multiple model filter with Extended Kalman filter outperforms the standard Extended Kalman filter in state-of-charge estimation accuracy.