The article discusses a method to measure different types of carbonic species in rain, ground, geothermal, and petroleum waters. The researchers use an acid-base titration procedure to determine the carbonic alkalinity in these waters. They found that rainwater has low alkalinity, geothermal water has various alkalinities, and petroleum waters have little to no carbonic alkalinity. The method involves calibrating standards and subtracting other alkalinities to get an accurate measurement of carbonic alkalinity.