The researchers studied different characteristics of greengram plants to see which ones affect the yield the most. They found that plant height, number of pods per plant, and seed yield per plant showed the most variation among different plants. The time it takes for the plants to flower had the least variation. The traits with the highest heritability, meaning they are strongly influenced by genetics, were seed yield per plant, plant height, and number of pods. The number of clusters and number of pods per plant were the most important factors for seed yield, showing a strong positive relationship.