Green manuring with plants like Sesbania, Vigna, and Crotalaria can improve the growth of rice and wheat crops. These plants add nitrogen to the soil, leading to better plant height, more shoots, and increased grain and straw yields. Sesbania green manure specifically resulted in the highest rice yield and improved soil quality by increasing organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium levels. The number and weight of root nodules on the plants increased with age, peaking at 8 weeks after sowing. Overall, using green manures in the rice-wheat cropping system can enhance crop productivity and soil health.