The article explores ways to make energy use more efficient to help the environment and economy. Researchers want to understand why energy efficiency policies often don't work as well as expected. They suggest looking at energy efficiency as part of a bigger market, focusing on changing how products and services are made to be more efficient. The study identifies barriers, including people's behavior and societal influences, that must be addressed to improve energy efficiency. By developing a more detailed model of these barriers, policymakers can create better strategies to promote energy efficiency in society.