The scientists tested different ways to make barley and wheat straw easier for enzymes to break down into sugar for making ethanol. They found that treating barley straw with acid or water before steam explosion worked best to produce the most sugar. For wheat straw, hot water extraction was more effective. Adding extra enzymes during the process led to higher sugar amounts from barley straw. Overall, barley straw gave higher glucose amounts after enzyme treatment compared to wheat straw. The researchers also observed different sugar patterns in the treated samples. The study shows promising methods to improve the conversion of agricultural residues into biofuel.