The study looked at how different soil qualities affect wheat growth in Monufyia Governorate. They tested soil samples from seven locations and found that certain soil characteristics like water holding capacity, field capacity, pH, and cation exchange capacity were closely related to clay content. They also found that quickly drainable pores were linked to fine sand content, while total porosity and hydraulic conductivity were related to field capacity. The study showed that factors like cation exchange capacity, clay content, and water holding capacity were important for evaluating soil quality in the area. However, there was no significant link between wheat productivity and coarse sand, slowly drainable pores, pH, calcium carbonate, and total nitrogen.