A study was conducted to evaluate the water quality of Al-Gharraf River in southern Iraq. Water samples were collected from five stations and tested for various parameters. The results showed that the water at the first station was good for drinking, but at the other stations, it was poor or very poor. When turbidity was considered, the water was deemed unsuitable for drinking throughout the river. This study emphasizes the importance of using water quality indices to understand the overall impact of ecological factors on water quality and to help improve it for local communities.