Understanding where different plant species are found in Ethiopia is important for conservation efforts. This study looked at 11 different types of ecosystems in Ethiopia to see how many species were unique to each one, how many were common across ecosystems, and how many were endangered. The Acacia-Commiphora woodland bushland had the most species, while the Afroalpine belt and Wooded grassland had the fewest. Some ecosystems had more species in common with others, while some had none. The Acacia-Commiphora woodland bushland had the most unique, endemic, and endangered species. Overall, the number of species in each ecosystem peaked at a mid-altitude, showing that conservation efforts need to consider the specific characteristics of each ecosystem to protect rare and endangered species effectively.