The article discusses how comparing tobacco products can be affected by testing multiple components at once. When many tests are done, there is a higher chance of making mistakes in the results. Methods like Bonferroni or Benjamini & Hochberg can help correct these errors. The study found that without correcting for errors, comparing products can lead to wrong conclusions. However, correcting errors can also reduce the accuracy of the tests. It's important to find a balance between testing requirements and accuracy when comparing tobacco products.