Wetland plants like Juncus effusus can help transform sulfur in the soil. The study used lab models to see how sulfate and carbon affect sulfur changes. Sulfate, sulfide, and elemental sulfur were found in the soil, showing that plants help with sulfur reactions. Sulfur was stored in the soil when plants were healthy, but without enough sulfate, sulfur was released back into the water. Different types of bacteria in the soil also played a role in sulfur changes.