Improved seeds boost farmers' income, but not all benefit equally.
Farmers can lose money by not using improved seeds for wheat. A study in Ethiopia found that farmers can lose between 277 to 886 Birr per hectare if they don't use improved seeds. This adds up to a total of 295 million to 946 million Birr lost nationally each year. Factors like labor, fertilizer, experience, and weather can affect how much money is lost. Using improved seeds with other services can increase income. Not all farmers lose the same amount of money by not using improved seeds, so recommendations should be tailored to each farmer's situation.