The article discusses how underground coal gasification turns coal into useful fuel without mining it. Researchers are working on better ways to control the process, reduce its environmental impact, and capture carbon emissions. They are making progress in understanding tar formation, gas flow, and controlling harmful gases like benzene in the gasification process. Recent trials show advancements in modeling and suggest the need to access deeper coal seams for future projects. The research aims to make underground coal gasification more efficient and environmentally friendly.