Geostatistics is a powerful tool used in studying hydrocarbon reservoirs and other geological features. It involves analyzing regional variable behavior through mathematical theory. Geostatistics helps in creating accurate maps of variables like porosity by using techniques like Kriging and Cokriging. Stochastic simulations are also used to generate multiple possible scenarios of mapped variables. This method is widely used in petroleum geology and other geosciences to understand spatial distribution of regional variables.