The study looked at pollen in the soil of the Turpan region in China to see how it relates to the plants there. They found different pollen zones in the area, like mountain desert-steppe and typical desert. The pollen in Turpan was similar to the northern slope of the mountains, but some zones were missing. Trees like Picea and Pinus were more common in Turpan. The valley forests helped spread pollen, and the cold air affected it too.